{"id":1536,"date":"2019-07-26T15:04:19","date_gmt":"2019-07-26T20:04:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/my.dev.vanderbilt.edu\/pdbbootcamp\/?page_id=1536"},"modified":"2019-08-02T08:43:01","modified_gmt":"2019-08-02T13:43:01","slug":"xenopus-development","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/my.dev.vanderbilt.edu\/pdbbootcamp\/home\/2019-projects\/frog-muscle\/xenopus-development\/","title":{"rendered":"Xenopus Development"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_1928\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1928\" style=\"width: 557px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.xenbase.org\/anatomy\/intro.do\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1928\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-dev.vanderbilt.edu\/t2-my-dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2855\/2019\/07\/xenopusdev3.jpg\" alt=\"A 'muscle-centric' overview of the Xenopus life cycle.\" width=\"557\" height=\"451\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn-dev.vanderbilt.edu\/t2-my-dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2855\/2019\/07\/xenopusdev3.jpg 557w, https:\/\/cdn-dev.vanderbilt.edu\/t2-my-dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2855\/2019\/07\/xenopusdev3-300x243.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 557px) 100vw, 557px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1928\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A &#8216;muscle-centric&#8217; overview of the Xenopus life cycle.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>How quickly do muscles develop in\u00a0<em>Xenopus?\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Like those of most frog species,\u00a0<em>Xenopus\u00a0<\/em>eggs are actually fertilized outside of the mother. During mating, the male frog grasps the female trunk with its forelimbs, forming an embrace called <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=S6mZ1ymBmTI\">amplexus<\/a>\u00a0(click the link for more information!)<\/strong>. Fertilization occurs as the female releases the eggs, allowing the male to shed sperm onto them. After successful fertilization, notable stages of frog embryo development occur at the following timepoints: <strong>blastula formation<\/strong> at ~4 post-fertilization, <strong>gastrulation<\/strong> at ~10 hours, <strong>neurulation<\/strong> at ~18 hours, <strong>muscles respond<\/strong> to stimuli at ~96 hours, and <strong>heart begins beating<\/strong> ~118 hours (just under 5 days), with <strong>hatching<\/strong> (as a tadpole) occurring just 140 hours after fertilization<sup>1,2<\/sup>. This is remarkably rapid for a vertebrate animal compared to humans, wherein the first heartbeat occurs not until ~4 weeks after fertilization.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; How quickly do muscles develop in\u00a0Xenopus?\u00a0 Like those of most frog species,\u00a0Xenopus\u00a0eggs are actually fertilized outside of the mother. During mating, the male frog grasps the female trunk with its forelimbs, forming an embrace called amplexus\u00a0(click the link for more information!). Fertilization occurs as the female releases the eggs, allowing the male to shed&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8390,"featured_media":0,"parent":1384,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1536","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/my.dev.vanderbilt.edu\/pdbbootcamp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1536","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/my.dev.vanderbilt.edu\/pdbbootcamp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/my.dev.vanderbilt.edu\/pdbbootcamp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my.dev.vanderbilt.edu\/pdbbootcamp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8390"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my.dev.vanderbilt.edu\/pdbbootcamp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1536"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/my.dev.vanderbilt.edu\/pdbbootcamp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1536\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2300,"href":"https:\/\/my.dev.vanderbilt.edu\/pdbbootcamp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1536\/revisions\/2300"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my.dev.vanderbilt.edu\/pdbbootcamp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1384"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/my.dev.vanderbilt.edu\/pdbbootcamp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1536"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/my.dev.vanderbilt.edu\/pdbbootcamp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1536"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}